Types of Robot Joints: A Detailed Guide - EVS Robot (2023)

FAQs

What are the types of joints in robots? ›

The robot's joints are the “bits that move.” There are various types of robot joints, including rotational joints, linear joints, orthogonal joints, and revolving joints. Actuators are the mechanisms that drive the robot joints. The most common are electrical, pneumatic, and hydraulic actuators.

The six most common types of robots are autonomous mobile robots (AMRs), automated guided vehicles (AGVs), articulated robots, humanoids, cobots, and hybrids. Robots are used to drive efficiency, expedite processes, improve safety, and enhance experiences across many industries.

Robot and human motion comparison

Now, let's take a look at the movement of a vertical articulated type having the same mechanical structure as a human arm as an example. A vertical articulated robot is an industrial robot with a serial link structure. It is generally composed of six joints (6 axes).

A joint is the part of the body where two or more bones meet to allow movement. Generally speaking, the greater the range of movement, the higher the risk of injury because the strength of the joint is reduced. The six types of freely movable joint include ball and socket, saddle, hinge, condyloid, pivot and gliding.

Functionally the three types of joints are synarthrosis (immovable), amphiarthrosis (slightly moveable), and diarthrosis (freely moveable). The two classification schemes correlate: synarthroses are fibrous, amphiarthroses are cartilaginous, and diarthroses are synovial.

A simpler, more complete definition of robotic types can be narrowed down to five types: Cartesian, Cylindrical, SCARA, 6-Axis and Delta. Each industrial robot type has specific elements that make them best-suited for different applications.

What are the 5 main parts of a robotic system? ›

The main components of an industrial robot are Manipulators, End Effectors, Feedback devices, Controllers, and Locomotive devices.

Each joint is called an axis and provides an additional degree of freedom, or range of motion. Industrial robots commonly have four or six axes.

Joints are any moveable portions of the robotic arm. Each joint operates independently while also forming a seamless team with the others for maximum operation. This is how a robotic arm can move up and down while rotating at the same time.

Robotic joints, which are sometimes known as axes, are the moveable parts of a robot that cause relative motion between adjacent links. These links refer to the rigid components that connect the joints to ensure their proper and straightforward operation.

There are three types of joints in the structural classification: fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial joints. Fibrous joints are joints in which bones are joined by dense connective tissue that is rich in collagen fibers. These joints are also called sutures. The joints between bones of the cranium are fibrous joints.

The structural classification divides joints into fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial joints depending on the material composing the joint and the presence or absence of a cavity in the joint. The functional classification divides joints into three categories: synarthroses, amphiarthroses, and diarthroses.

Diarthroses (freely movable), also known as synovial joints, are defined as containing synovial fluid that allows for all parts of the joint to move against each other. Synovial joints are the most common joint in the body and are the type of joint that most people are familiar with.

The five basic weld joints include the butt joint, the lap joint, the tee joint, the corner joint, and the edge joint. The butt joint occurs when two members are placed side-by-side or butted together.

Although the actual number of joints in any one person depends on a number of variables, the estimated number is between 250 and 350.

Which of the 4 types of joints listed has the largest range of motion? ›

Ball-and-Socket Joints

This organization allows the greatest range of motion, as all movement types are possible in all directions. Examples of ball-and-socket joints are the shoulder and hip joints.

Different types of joints allow different types of movement. Planar, hinge, pivot, condyloid, saddle, and ball-and-socket are all types of synovial joints.

Synovial joints allow bones to slide past each other or to rotate around each other. This produces movements called abduction (away), adduction (towards), extension (open), flexion (close), and rotation. There are six types of synovial joints.

Some of the functions of joints include providing flexibility to the skeleton, making different types of movements possible, providing stability to specific structures such as the skull and pelvis, and directing the motion of a specific bone or set of bones.

Hinge joints allow movement in one direction, as seen in the knees and elbows. Pivot joints allow a rotating or twisting motion, like that of the head moving from side to side. Ball-and-socket joints allow the greatest freedom of movement.

Overview. Joints, particularly hinge joints like the elbow and the knee, are complex structures made up of bone, muscles, synovium, cartilage, and ligaments that are designed to bear weight and move the body through space.

Solution : The key components of a robot are Power conversion unit, Actuators, Electric motors, Pneumatic Air Muscles, Muscle wires, Piezo Motors and Ultrasonic Motors, Sensors, and Robot locomotion.

What are the four 4 major components in building a robot? ›

Basic Components of a Robot

The components of a robot are the body/frame, control system, manipulators, and drivetrain.

Fixed Vs.

Robots can also be broadly categorized in to two groups: those that move around their environment and those that do not.

Cylindrical robot manipulators have a revolute joint at the base and two prismatic joints: one for z-axis movement and one for movement along the horizontal plane. This robotic system is rigid and accurate but is less common than other types.

We call a set of joint variables a configuration and we speak of a point in the configuration space (or joint space) as mapping via the forward kinematics to an end-effector location in the workspace.

The cylindrical robot features a rotary joint that is attached to the base and one linear joint used to connect the different links. Given that cylindrical robots work within a cylindrical-shaped work scope, the rotational and linear motion come in handy to ensure that precision is attained.

Articulated robots have between two to 10 joints which allows them a flexible range of motion to accomplish dynamic tasks. As the number of joints increases, the more “smooth” the robot's motions become.

A typical robotic arm is made up of seven metal segments, joined by six joints. The computer controls the robot by rotating individual stepper motors connected to each joint (some larger arms use hydraulics or pneumatics).

The six most common types of robots are autonomous mobile robots (AMRs), automated guided vehicles (AGVs), articulated robots, humanoids, cobots, and hybrids.

Functionally the three types of joints are synarthrosis (immovable), amphiarthrosis (slightly moveable), and diarthrosis (freely moveable). The two classification schemes correlate: synarthroses are fibrous, amphiarthroses are cartilaginous, and diarthroses are synovial.

What are the 3 types of joints in the functional classification? ›

Joints are thus functionally classified as a synarthrosis or immobile joint, an amphiarthrosis or slightly moveable joint, or as a diarthrosis, which is a freely moveable joint (arthroun = “to fasten by a joint”).

The joints of the robot arm are revolute joints. The motor and the elastic joints are connected by pulleys and belts. The transmission ratio from the motor to the actuator is 4:1 (the pulley of the motor has 20 teeth and the pulley of the actuator has 80 teeth).

There are two different types of joints- Structural and Functional classification of joints.

There are 6 types of kinematic joints in common: prismatic joint, revolute joint, helical joint, cylindrical joint, spherical joint, and planar joint.

2. What are the eight major joints of the body? Fibrous joints, cartilaginous joints, synovial joints, ball and socket joints, pivotal joints, hinge joints, saddle joints, and condyloid joints are the body's major joints.

The human body is a remarkable machine comprised of 270 bones at birth which later decreases to 206 due to fusion of some of our bones as we age. The joints connect bone to bone, and there are 360 joints in our bodies.

There are three structural classifications of joints: fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial.

There are two ways to classify joints: on the basis of their structure or on the basis of their function.